| Preliminary Detection of Acute Exacerbation of Lobar Pneumonia and Heart Failure Using an Anomaly-Detection System Based on a Circadian Rhythm Model Constructed from Non-contact Vital Data |
Tsuyoshi Kobayashi1,2 
, Kenichi Hashimoto3,4, Takemi Matsui1 |
1Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
2Konica Minolta, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
3Medical Education and Clinical Training Center, Division of Clinical Training Management, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
4Department of General Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan |
Correspondence:
Tsuyoshi Kobayashi,
Email: tsuyoshi.kobayashi@konicaminolta.com
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Received: 10 April 2025 • Revised: 16 June 2025 • Accepted: 23 June 2025 |
| Abstract |
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Many frail older patients with multiple comorbidities are hospitalized in long-term care hospitals and nursing facilities. Due to pre-existing conditions and immunosuppressive states, there are significant individual differences, such as weakness, sluggishness, and asymptomatic status. These differences make it challenging to find a patient’s exacerbation using a conventional threshold of vital signs. We developed a circadian rhythm anomaly-detection system designed for each patient, which compares each patient’s past 2 weeks average respiratory rate circadian rhythm with that of the last 24 hours. Respiratory rate was measured using a piezoelectric sensor located under the mattress. Prior to the doctor’s diagnosis of acute exacerbation of lobar pneumonia and heart failure, a bedridden 88-year-old female patient with multiple chronic diseases showed abnormal circadian rhythm status. However, there were no significant changes in vital signs. A circadian rhythm anomaly-detection system appears promising as a future tool to promote medical checkups for the older person. |
| Key Words:
Circadian rhythm, Older person, Pneumonia, Acute exacerbation, Respiratory rate |
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